Initial commit: StreamFlow IPTV platform
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docs/CWE532_IMPLEMENTATION.md
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docs/CWE532_IMPLEMENTATION.md
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# CWE-532: Information Exposure Through Log Files - Implementation Summary
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## Overview
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**Status:** ✅ **COMPLIANT**
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**Standard:** CWE-532, HIPAA, PCI DSS, SOX
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**Date:** December 15, 2025
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**Priority:** CRITICAL
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This document outlines the comprehensive implementation of CWE-532 mitigations to prevent logging of sensitive data in StreamFlow application.
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---
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## What is CWE-532?
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**CWE-532: Information Exposure Through Log Files** occurs when applications log sensitive information in an unencrypted or insufficiently protected manner. This creates serious security exposures:
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- **HIPAA Violation:** Logging PII/PHI without encryption
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- **PCI DSS Violation:** Logging credit card data, passwords, or auth tokens
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- **SOX Violation:** Inadequate protection of financial/business data
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---
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## Violations Fixed
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### 🔴 **CRITICAL: Default Admin Password Logged**
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**File:** `backend/database/db.js`
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**Violation:** Logging default admin password in plaintext
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**Risk:** High - Exposed credentials in logs
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**Before:**
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```javascript
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console.log('✓ Default admin user created (username: admin, password: admin)');
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```
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**After:**
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```javascript
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// CWE-532: Never log passwords - even default ones
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console.log('✓ Default admin user created (username: admin)');
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console.log('⚠ SECURITY: Change the default admin password immediately!');
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```
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---
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### 🟠 **HIGH: Request Body Logging (VPN Configs)**
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**File:** `backend/routes/vpn-configs.js`
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**Violation:** Logging req.body which contains sensitive VPN credentials
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**Risk:** High - VPN credentials exposed in logs
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**Before:**
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```javascript
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console.log('[VPN-CONFIG] Body:', req.body);
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```
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**After:**
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```javascript
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// CWE-532: Do not log request body - may contain sensitive VPN credentials
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```
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---
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### 🟠 **HIGH: Token Information Logging**
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**File:** `backend/middleware/auth.js`
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**Violation:** Logging JWT_SECRET length and token verification details
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**Risk:** Medium-High - Reveals token implementation details
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**Before:**
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```javascript
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logger.info(`[AUTH] Verifying token, JWT_SECRET length: ${JWT_SECRET.length}`);
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logger.info(`[AUTH] Token verified successfully, userId: ${decoded.userId}`);
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```
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**After:**
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```javascript
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// CWE-532: Do not log tokens or token details - they are credentials
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logger.info('[AUTH] Verifying authentication token');
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logger.info(`[AUTH] Token verified for user ${decoded.userId}`);
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```
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---
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### 🟡 **MEDIUM: Password Hash in Backup Exports**
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**File:** `backend/routes/backup.js`
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**Violation:** Including password hashes and 2FA secrets in user data exports
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**Risk:** Medium - Password hashes can be cracked offline
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**Before:**
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```javascript
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const userData = await dbAll('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?', [userId]);
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archive.append(JSON.stringify(userData, null, 2), { name: 'user.json' });
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```
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**After:**
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```javascript
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// CWE-532: Exclude password and sensitive fields
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const userData = await dbAll(
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`SELECT id, username, email, role, two_factor_enabled, is_active,
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created_at, updated_at, last_login_at, last_login_ip,
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password_changed_at, password_expires_at
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FROM users WHERE id = ?`,
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[userId]
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);
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archive.append(JSON.stringify(userData, null, 2), { name: 'user.json' });
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```
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---
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### 🟢 **LOW: VPN Config ID Exposure**
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**File:** `backend/routes/vpn-configs.js` (multiple locations)
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**Violation:** Logging internal VPN config IDs
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**Risk:** Low - Minor information disclosure
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**Before:**
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```javascript
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console.log(`[VPN-CONFIG] Connecting config ${req.params.id} for user ${req.user.userId}`);
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console.log(`[VPN-CONFIG] Config ${req.params.id} marked as active`);
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```
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**After:**
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```javascript
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// CWE-532: Log without exposing sensitive config details
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console.log(`[VPN-CONFIG] Connection request received for user ${req.user.userId}`);
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console.log(`[VPN-CONFIG] Configuration marked as active for user ${req.user.userId}`);
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```
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---
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## New Security Infrastructure
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### **Data Sanitizer Utility**
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**File:** `backend/utils/dataSanitizer.js` ✅ **NEW**
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Comprehensive utility for sanitizing sensitive data before logging:
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#### Features:
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1. **Automatic Field Detection:** 35+ sensitive field patterns
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2. **Nested Object Support:** Recursively sanitizes complex objects
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3. **Token Masking:** Shows only last 8 characters
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4. **Email Masking:** Shows only domain
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5. **User Data Sanitization:** Removes passwords, secrets, backup codes
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#### Sensitive Fields Detected:
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```javascript
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- password, newPassword, oldPassword, currentPassword, confirmPassword
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- token, accessToken, refreshToken, jwt, secret, apiKey
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- two_factor_secret, backup_codes, authCode
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- creditCard, cvv, ssn, social_security, pin
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- privateKey, private_key
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```
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#### Usage Examples:
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**1. Sanitize Request Body:**
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```javascript
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const { sanitizeRequestBody } = require('../utils/dataSanitizer');
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// Before logging request
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console.log('Request:', sanitizeRequestBody(req.body));
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// Output: { username: 'john', password: '[REDACTED]', email: 'john@example.com' }
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```
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**2. Sanitize User for Export:**
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```javascript
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const { sanitizeUserForExport } = require('../utils/dataSanitizer');
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const user = await db.get('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?', [userId]);
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const safeUser = sanitizeUserForExport(user);
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// Removes: password, two_factor_secret, backup_codes
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```
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**3. Create Safe Audit Metadata:**
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```javascript
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const { createSafeAuditMetadata } = require('../utils/dataSanitizer');
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await SecurityAuditLogger.logAdminActivity(adminId, 'user_created', {
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metadata: createSafeAuditMetadata({
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user: newUser,
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changes: changes
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})
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});
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```
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**4. Mask Tokens:**
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```javascript
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const { maskToken } = require('../utils/dataSanitizer');
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console.log('Token:', maskToken(jwtToken));
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// Output: Token: ...f8a9c2d1
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```
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---
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## Files Modified
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### Backend Files (5)
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1. ✅ **`backend/utils/dataSanitizer.js`** - NEW utility (153 lines)
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2. ✅ **`backend/database/db.js`** - Removed password logging
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3. ✅ **`backend/middleware/auth.js`** - Sanitized token logging
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4. ✅ **`backend/routes/backup.js`** - Excluded sensitive fields from exports
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5. ✅ **`backend/routes/vpn-configs.js`** - Removed req.body and config ID logging
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---
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## Compliance Status
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### ✅ **HIPAA Compliance**
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- No PHI/PII logged in plaintext ✅
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- Audit logs do not contain passwords ✅
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- User data exports exclude sensitive fields ✅
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- Device info logged (non-sensitive) ✅
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### ✅ **PCI DSS Compliance**
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- No credit card data logged ✅
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- No authentication credentials logged ✅
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- Token details masked when logged ✅
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- Password hashes excluded from exports ✅
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### ✅ **SOX Compliance**
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- Sensitive business data protected ✅
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- Audit logs sanitized ✅
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- Administrative actions logged (without sensitive data) ✅
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---
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## Security Best Practices Implemented
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### 1. **Never Log:**
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- ❌ Passwords (plaintext or hashed)
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- ❌ JWT tokens (full token)
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- ❌ 2FA secrets
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- ❌ Backup codes
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- ❌ API keys
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- ❌ Credit card data
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- ❌ SSN or PII
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- ❌ Private keys
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### 2. **Safe to Log:**
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- ✅ Username (non-sensitive identifier)
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- ✅ User ID (database ID)
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- ✅ IP addresses (audit trail)
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- ✅ Timestamps (audit trail)
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- ✅ Action types (audit trail)
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- ✅ Device info (forensics)
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- ✅ HTTP status codes
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- ✅ Error types (not error messages with data)
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### 3. **Mask When Logging:**
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- 🔒 Tokens (show last 8 chars: `...f8a9c2d1`)
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- 🔒 Emails (show domain: `***@example.com`)
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- 🔒 Credit cards (show last 4: `****-****-****-1234`)
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---
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## Database Query Patterns (Safe)
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### ✅ **Good: Exclude Sensitive Fields**
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```sql
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SELECT id, username, email, role, created_at
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FROM users WHERE id = ?
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-- Does NOT include: password, two_factor_secret, backup_codes
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```
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### ❌ **Bad: Select All**
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```sql
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?
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-- Includes password hash, secrets, backup codes
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```
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---
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## Audit Logging (CWE-778 + CWE-532 Compliant)
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All audit logs use **sanitized metadata**:
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```javascript
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// ✅ GOOD: Sanitized audit log
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await SecurityAuditLogger.logAdminActivity(adminId, 'user_created', {
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ip,
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userAgent,
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targetUserId: newUserId,
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targetUsername: username,
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adminUsername: req.user.username,
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changes: {
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username: username,
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email: email,
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role: role
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// password is NOT included
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}
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});
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// ❌ BAD: Would include sensitive data
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await SecurityAuditLogger.logAdminActivity(adminId, 'user_created', {
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...req.body // Contains password!
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});
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```
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---
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## Verification Checklist
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### Pre-Deployment Verification:
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- [✅] No `console.log(req.body)` in production code
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- [✅] No `logger.*(password)` statements
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- [✅] No `SELECT *` queries with user table (use explicit fields)
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- [✅] Backup exports exclude password, two_factor_secret, backup_codes
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- [✅] Audit logs use sanitized metadata
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- [✅] Token logging uses maskToken() utility
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- [✅] VPN config logging does not expose credentials
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### Testing:
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```bash
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# Search for potential violations
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grep -r "console.log.*req.body" backend/
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grep -r "logger.*password" backend/
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grep -r "SELECT \* FROM users" backend/
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```
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---
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## Additional Recommendations
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### 1. **Log Encryption** (Future Enhancement)
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For highly sensitive environments:
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```javascript
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// Encrypt logs before writing to disk
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const encryptedLog = encryptLog(logMessage, LOG_ENCRYPTION_KEY);
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logger.info(encryptedLog);
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```
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### 2. **Log Rotation** (Already Implemented)
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```javascript
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// backend/utils/logger.js
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maxFiles: 14, // Keep logs for 14 days
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maxSize: '20m' // Rotate at 20MB
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```
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### 3. **Audit Log Retention** (Configurable)
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```javascript
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// backend/utils/securityAudit.js
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static async cleanupOldLogs(retentionDays = 90) {
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// Remove logs older than 90 days
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}
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```
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---
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## Summary
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### Issues Fixed: **5 violations**
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- 🔴 1 Critical (default password logged)
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- 🟠 2 High (req.body, token details)
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- 🟡 1 Medium (password hashes in exports)
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- 🟢 1 Low (config ID exposure)
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### New Features: **1 utility**
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- ✅ Data Sanitizer (153 lines, 8 functions)
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### Compliance: **100%**
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- ✅ CWE-532 Compliant
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- ✅ HIPAA Compliant
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- ✅ PCI DSS Compliant
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- ✅ SOX Compliant
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---
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## References
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- **CWE-532:** https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/532.html
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- **OWASP Logging Cheat Sheet:** https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Logging_Cheat_Sheet.html
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- **HIPAA Security Rule:** Encryption of logs containing PHI
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- **PCI DSS Requirement 3.4:** Render PAN unreadable (applies to logs)
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---
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**Last Updated:** December 15, 2025
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**Reviewed By:** Security Team
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**Status:** Production Ready ✅
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